Module 1 – Risk Assessment and its processes
Key words associated with Risk Assessment Processes
a. An accident - Is an unplanned event that results in loss
b. A hazard - Is something that has the potential to cause harm
c. A risk - Is the likelihood and the severity of a negative occurrence for example injury, ill-health, damage and loss resulting from a hazard. It is also a situation of exposure to danger or a probability of something bad happening.
Module 2 – Incident Command System (ICS)
ICS is a standardized approach to the command, control and and coordination of emergency response to providing a common hierarchy within which oil spill emergency responses can be effectively carried out.
Module 3 – Conduct and monitor assets integrity management programme for oil and gas operations in Nigeria
The ASM Department is charged with the responsibility for surveillance and to ensure compliance with all existing environmental legislation and the detection of oil spills in the petroleum sector (NOSDRA Establishment Act 2006 Section 6 (10) (a)). In achieving the above responsibility, there is need for a Pipeline Integrity Assurance Program under a full fledge Assets Integrity Management (AIM).
Module 4 – Asset Integrity Management: Standard operating procedure of hydrocarbon pipeline maintenance
This procedure is a guideline on the proper way to safely perform asset integrity management. The operators will the SOP as a guide to help them perform the integrity of the asset, and this will be in compliance with government regulations and standard.
Module 5 – Hazard Identification (HAZID)
Oil spills are one form of disaster that is not a natural disaster, but one that people have caused. An oil spill can harm birds, mammals, marine life and the environment in several ways via direct physical contact, toxic contamination, destruction of food sources, habitats, and reproductive problems.
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Tools recommended for use in the hazard identification process include the following:
i. Hazard review: is a process that is used to determine if there are potential hazards and risks involved with a procedure.
ii. Hazard checklist: contains questions or topics intended to prompt consideration of a range of safety issues. It is a review of the installation against a list of hazards that have been identified in previous hazard assessments.
iii. What-if analysis: a flexible review technique, which can be applied by experienced individuals to any installation, operation or process, to identify hazards.
iv. Hazard Identification/Environmental Issues Identification (HAZID/ENVID): a structured approach to the identification of the possible causes and consequences of hazardous events.
v. Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA): an analytical technique used to identify hazards which, without adequate precautions, will give rise to a hazardous event.
vi. Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP): a systematic approach to determining potential problems that may be uncovered by reviewing the safety of designs and revisiting existing processes and operations.
vii. Procedural HAZOP: a version of HAZOP applied to safety-critical operations such as drilling, rig-moves, heavy lifts etc.
viii. Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA): a systematic review of facility equipment items, their potential failure modes and the effects of these failures on the equipment or facilities.
ix. Inspections and Audits: visual examinations of a facility and its operating procedures to identify potential hazards.
